Rainbow Gator - EMAs strategy for Binary OptionThis is an EMAs indicator for Binary Option or Scalping Alert designed for lower Time Frame Trend (2-5minutes).
Although you will find it a useful tool for higher time frames as well.
The Alerts are generated when the fast EMA cross over/under other slower EMAs, you then have the chance to wait for the pullback during the new trend then enter for trend momentum (follow the trend).
Beware when the trend is close to EMA200.
You must draw your SRT (Support-Resistance-Trendline) before looking for setups.
Good luck.
Buscar en scripts para "KELTNER"
(NKC) MTF Squeeze Pro MultiTimeframe Squeeze Momentum Pro
Dots indicate squeeze
Fills indicate momentum
Fancy Bollinger Bands [BigBitsIO]This script is for a Bollinger Band type indicator with as many features as I can possibly fit into a Bollinger Band type indicator.
Features:
- A single custom moving average serving as the middle band.
- Standard MA inputs.
- MA type.
- MA period.
- MA price.
- MA resolution (time frame).
- Visibility toggle.
- MA Candle Type
- Fancy MA inputs.
- Toggle to show only candles included in the MA calculation ("Highlight inclusion") or display entire MA history.
- Toggle to show a ghost trail when Highlight inclusion is toggled on. Displays a shaded version of past MA history before the inclusion period (as seen on snapshot).
- Toggle to show forecast values for the MA.
- Other inputs related to forecasting:
- Forecast bias. (Neutral forecasts MA if the current price remains the same.)
- Forecast period.
- Forecast magnitude.
- Toggle showing details on the screen
- Toggle the visibility of the fill between the upper and lower bands.
- Toggle to use ATR instead of the standard deviation to calculate the location of the upper and lower bands.
- Custom input for the ATR period.
A couple of quick notes. The label will only show up if toggled on, and will always show above the highest of either the candle high or upper band. The fill colors are based on the level of %B currently on the indicator. Higher levels are green, and brighter green, while lower levels are red and brighter red. The fill is lighter in shadow areas to reflect their status as not being included in the middle band calculation.
*** DISCLAIMER: For educational and entertainment purposes only. Nothing in this content should be interpreted as financial advice or a recommendation to buy or sell any sort of security or investment including all types of crypto. DYOR, TYOB. ***
Donchain BreakoutIt is a long only strategy.
1. Buy when price breaks out of the upper band.
2. Exit has two options. Option 1 allows you to exit using lower band. Option 2 allows you to exit using basis line.
3. Slippage and commissions are not considered in the return calculation.
TA-Money Flow-Version4Updated for TV-Pine V4
This is the MACD of a stochastic OBV movement indicator and now the MACD of the Squeeze Momentum Indicator. It is good (right) to work with both price and volume...it is also good to utilize the most popular indicator ever in TV (Lazybear).
I've included highlighting based on price divergence, yellow is divergence of either OBV or SQZ, red is both divergence, and then I've also built in the "squeeze on - blue" highlighting to show follow through of divergence. It works great on any time frame, but you need to have volume data. Not sure where I originally got this (stoch-OBV, somewhere off Tradingview several years ago, thanks to the person who shared), Squeeze is Lazybear, links below.
Enjoy.
Version 4:
Updated OBV equation because TV-Pine V3 broke in V4
Included MACD of Squeeze for histogram
Included "squeeze on" highlighting
TA-Money-Flow-Version3
TA-Money-Flow-Version2
Squeeze-Momentum-Indicator-LazyBear
VW EMA CCI + TTM Volume Weighted EMA CCI + TTM squeeze in one indicator
Credit goes to SpreadEagle 71 for the CCI and Greeny for the TTM
OHLC Daily Resolution BandsShout out to nPE- for the idea.
Bands made with stdev from 10 day OHLC.
Keeps resolution to daily, so you can use bands as daily pivots for day trading.
Upper band 1=yesterday close + 0.5 std(ohlc,10)
Upper band 1=yesterday close + 1 std(ohlc,10)
Mid=yesterday close
Lower band 1=yesterday close - 0.5 std(ohlc,10)
Lower band 2=yesterday close - 1 std(ohlc,1
Hull Moving Average + Bollinger BandsThis study make use of Hull Moving Average and Bollinger Bands.
The crosses give signal about HMA and BB crossovers, they are a bit lagging, if you stare well you will spot them a little earlier. It look like a good idea to buy and sell when HMA is near or on the outside of the outer bands.
By default the Bollinger Bands uses Simple Moving Average with 21 periodes, and Hull Moving Average use 9 periodes. You can alter the settings in the format dialog.
Please use as pleased, and if you do something clever with it I'll be happy to know :D
DepthHouse - Moving Average ChannelsThe indicator Moving Average Channels was created for experimental purposes due to the parabolic moves BTC has made in the recent past.
How it works:
The basis, or center line, is a standard moving average that is set by the user.
The bands are then a customizable percentage of the basis.
Which based on the settings, could serve as possible support and resistance.
DepthHouse – Moving Average Channels has been published for you all to see and try for yourselves.
Maybe this indicator has uses elsewhere? If you find something feel free to post it in the comments below!
If you like this indicator, please drop a like or comment!
They are very much appreciated!
Be sure to go to my profile and check out my other indicators!
[RichG] Easy MTF Strategy v1.1This is a second attempt at an easy to understand multiple time frame strategy. This one uses ATR for exits. If the position is long, and the price closes below the ATR multiplier, it triggers a close. If the position is short, and the price closes above the ATR/multiplier, it triggers a close. This generates a lot of little trades but is useful because it uses multiple time frames along with cutting losses when the ATR disagrees.
Squeeze Divergence Catalyst RCTqueeze Divergence Catalyst RCT
The "Squeeze Divergence Catalyst RCT" is an advanced Pine Script indicator designed to identify potential trend reversals by pinpointing classic and hidden divergences on the Squeeze Momentum oscillator. Building upon the foundational Squeeze Momentum concept, this tool integrates robust divergence detection algorithms to highlight discrepancies between price action and momentum, which often signal weakening trends or emerging opportunities.
Core Features:
Squeeze Momentum Oscillator (sz): Calculates and displays the core Squeeze Momentum histogram, representing the difference between price and its moving average relative to market range, smoothed by a linear regression.
Squeeze State Detection: Visualizes different market compression levels (High, Mid, Low Squeeze) using configurable Bollinger Bands and Keltner Channels, indicating periods of consolidation or potential breakout.
Advanced Divergence Detection: Employs sophisticated logic to automatically identify both regular (classic) and hidden divergences between the Squeeze Momentum oscillator (sz) and the price (highs/lows). It includes options for using data from two pivot points for more robust signals.
Visual Clarity: Divergences are clearly marked on the chart with colored lines connecting the price and oscillator pivots, accompanied by labels ("R" for regular, "H" for hidden) for easy identification.
Configurable Parameters: Offers extensive customization for divergence detection, including pivot lookback periods, minimum/maximum range for pivot detection, and toggles for plotting different types of divergences (bullish, bearish, hidden).
Repainting Control: Includes an option to delay the plotting of divergence signals until the candle is closed, reducing the chance of repainting and increasing reliability.
Built-in Alerts: Generates alerts when regular or hidden bullish/bearish divergences are detected, allowing for automated notification.
Purpose:
The indicator aims to act as a "catalyst" for traders by providing early warning signals (divergences) within the context of Squeeze Momentum analysis. It helps traders spot potential turning points where the underlying momentum (as measured by the Squeeze oscillator) fails to confirm new price extremes, potentially indicating a loss of trend strength and an opportunity for a reversal or pullback.
Dynamic Gamma Inspired IndicatorDynamic Gamma Inspired Indicator
This indicator identifies potential market regime shifts between low-volatility (mean-reverting) and high-volatility (trending) environments by using a dynamic, volatility-adaptive framework inspired by options market gamma exposure concepts.
Core Concepts
This indicator uses a volatility-based model that mimics how market maker hedging can influence price stability and volatility. While it's not possible to calculate true Gamma Exposure (GEX) in Pine Script without external options data, this script uses the Average True Range (ATR) as a proxy to create dynamic zones that adapt to current market conditions.
Positive Gamma Environment (Green Background) When price is contained within the upper and lower walls, it suggests a period of stability where market makers' hedging may suppress volatility. In this "mean-reversion" regime, prices tend to revert to the central pivot.
Negative Gamma Environment (Orange Background) When price breaks outside the walls, it signals a potential increase in volatility, where hedging can amplify price moves. This "trend-amplification" regime suggests the potential for strong breakout or trend-following moves.
How It Works
The indicator is built on three key components that dynamically adjust to market volatility:
Dynamic Pivot (Blue Line) An Exponential Moving Average (EMA) acts as the central "zero gamma" pivot point.
Dynamic Walls (Red & Green Lines) These upper and lower bands are calculated by adding or subtracting a multiple of the Average True Range (ATR) from the central EMA pivot. This is similar to how Keltner Channels use ATR to create volatility-based envelopes. The walls expand during high volatility and contract during low volatility.
How to Use This Indicator
The indicator automatically plots signals based on the current market regime:
Mean-Reversion Signals (Inside the Walls)
Long Reversion: Appears when the price crosses up through the central pivot, suggesting a potential move toward the upper wall.
Short Reversion: Appears when the price crosses down through the central pivot, suggesting a potential move toward the lower wall.
Breakout Signals (Outside the Walls)
Long Breakout: Appears when the price breaks and closes above the upper wall, signaling the start of a potential uptrend.
Short Breakout: Appears when the price breaks and closes below the lower wall, signaling the start of a potential downtrend.
Customization
You can tailor the indicator to different assets and timeframes by adjusting the following inputs:
Central Pivot EMA Length: Determines the period for the central moving average.
ATR Length for Walls: Sets the lookback period for the Average True Range calculation.
ATR Multiplier for Walls: Adjusts the width of the channel. A larger multiplier creates wider walls, filtering out more noise but providing fewer signals.
Disclaimer: This indicator is a tool for analysis and should not be used as a standalone trading signal. Always use proper risk management and combine it with other analysis methods. Past performance is not indicative of future results.
Weekly Setup Scanner (Trend + Momentum + Squeeze)Trend → price above weekly 20 EMA.
Momentum → weekly MACD bullish (MACD > Signal).
Volatility → weekly squeeze (Bollinger Bands inside Keltner Channels).
If all 3 conditions align → it flags the setup
Phoenix Pattern Scanner v1.3.2 - Multi-Pattern, Score & PresetsAdvanced multi-pattern scanner with intelligent presets and heuristic scoring system.
🎯 KEY FEATURES
- 5 Trading Style Presets: Conservative, Balanced, Aggressive, Swing, Scalp
- 4 Core Patterns: RVOL (unusual volume), Momentum breakout, RSI bounce, Gap & Go
- Heuristic Score (0-100): Visual ranking system for signal quality
- Per-Pattern Anti-Noise: Prevents signal spam with configurable minimum distance
- Relative Strength %: Compare performance vs benchmark (default SPY)
- Squeeze Detection: Identifies low volatility compression (BB inside Keltner)
📊 SMART FILTERS
- Minimum price and average dollar volume gates
- Weekly trend confirmation (optional)
- Separate lookback periods for each pattern
- Configurable RSI length and Gap parameters
⚙️ CUSTOMIZATION
- All parameters adjustable via settings
- Toggle individual components on/off
- Clean info panel with real-time metrics
- Color-coded score visualization
📍 BEST USED ON
- Daily timeframe (primary design)
- Liquid stocks above $5
- As a screening tool alongside your analysis
⚠️ IMPORTANT NOTES
- Educational/informational tool only
- NOT financial advice or trade signals
- Heuristic score is diagnostic, not predictive
- Past pattern behavior ≠ future results
💡 QUICK START
1. Select a preset matching your style
2. Adjust filters for your market
3. Set alerts for patterns you want to track
4. Use score as relative ranking, not absolute signal
Version 1.3.2 - Stable release
Open source - Free to use and modify
Feedback and improvements welcome
EMA Cross + KC Breakout + ATR StopThis uses an adjustable EMA Cross with an adjustable Keltner Channel breakout filter to identify trend breakouts for Long/Short entries. An adjustable ATR Stop is also provided for your entries.
Composite Sentiment Indicator (SPY/QQQ/SOXX + VixFix)# Multi-Index Composite Sentiment Indicator
A comprehensive sentiment indicator that works across SPY, QQQ, SOXX, and custom symbols. Combines volatility, options flow, macro factors, technicals, and seasonality into a single z-score composite.
## What It Does
Takes multiple market sentiment inputs (VIX, put/call ratios, breadth, yields, etc.) and smooshes them into one normalized line. When the composite is high = markets getting spooked. When it's low = markets getting complacent.
## Key Features
- **Multi-Index Support**: Automatically adapts for SPY (uses VIX), QQQ (uses VXN), SOXX (uses VixFix), or custom symbols
- **VixFix Integration**: Larry Williams' VixFix for indices without dedicated VIX measures
- **Signal MA**: Choose from SMA/EMA/WMA/HMA/TEMA/DEMA with color coding (red above MA = risk-on, green below = risk-off)
- **September Focus**: Built-in seasonality weighting for September weakness patterns
- **Comprehensive Components**: Volatility, options sentiment, macro factors, technicals, and sector-specific metrics
## How to Use
**Basic Setup:**
1. Pick your index (SPY/QQQ/SOXX)
2. Choose signal MA type and length (EMA 21 is a good start)
3. Watch for extreme readings and MA crossovers
**Color Signals:**
- Red composite = above signal MA = bearish sentiment
- Green composite = below signal MA = bullish sentiment
- Extreme high readings (red background) = potential tops
- Extreme low readings (green background) = potential bottoms
**For Different Indices:**
- **QQQ**: Uses NASDAQ VIX (VXN) when available, falls back to VixFix
- **SOXX**: Includes semiconductor cycle indicators, uses VixFix for volatility
- **Custom**: Adapts automatically, relies on VixFix and general market metrics
## Components Included
**Volatility**: VIX/VXN/VixFix, term structure, historical vol
**Options**: Put/call ratios, SKEW index
**Macro**: DXY, 10Y yields, yield curve, TIPS spreads
**Technical**: RSI deviation, momentum
**Seasonality**: September effects, quad witching, month-end patterns
**Breadth**: S&P 500 and NASDAQ breadth measures
## Pro Tips
- Works well on Daily Timeframe
- September gets extra weight automatically - watch for August setup signals
- Keltner envelope breaks often mark sentiment exhaustion points
- Use alerts for extreme readings and MA crossovers
Works best when you understand that sentiment extremes often mark turning points, not continuation signals. High readings don't mean "keep shorting" - they mean "start looking for reversal setups."
## Settings Worth Tweaking
- Signal MA type/length for your timeframe
- Component weights based on what matters for your index
- Envelope multipliers for your risk tolerance
- VixFix parameters if default doesn't fit your symbol's volatility
The table shows all current component readings so you can see what's driving the signal. Good for context and debugging weird readings.
Mean-Reversion Indicator_V2_SamleeOverview
This is the second version of my mean reversion indicator. It combines a moving average with adaptive standard deviation bands to detect when the price deviates significantly from its mean. The script provides automatic entry/exit signals, real-time PnL tracking, and shaded trade zones to make mean reversion trading more intuitive.
Core Logic
Mean benchmark: Simple Moving Average (MA).
Volatility bands: Standard deviation of the spread (close − MA) defines upper and lower bands.
Trading rules:
Price breaks below the lower band → Enter Long
Price breaks above the upper band → Enter Short
Price reverts to MA → Exit position
What’s different vs. classic Bollinger/Keltner
Bandwidth is based on the standard deviation of the price–MA spread, not raw closing prices.
Entry signals use previous-bar confirmation to reduce intrabar noise.
Exit rule is a mean-touch condition, rather than fixed profit/loss targets.
Enhanced visualization:
A shaded box dynamically shows the distance between entry and current/exit price, making it easy to see profit/loss zones over the holding period.
Instant PnL labels display current position side (Long/Short/Flat) and live profit/loss in both pips and %.
Entry and exit points are clearly marked on the chart with labels and exact prices.
These visualization tools go beyond what most indicators provide, giving traders a clearer, more practical view of trade evolution.
Key Features
Automatic detection of position status (Long / Short / Flat).
Chart labels for entries (“Entry”) and exits (“Exit”).
Real-time floating PnL calculation in both pips and %.
Info panel (top-right) showing entry price, current price, position side, and PnL.
Dynamic shading between entry and current/exit price to visualize profit/loss zones.
Usage Notes & Risk
Mean reversion may underperform in strong trending markets; parameters (len_ma, len_std, mult) should be validated per instrument and timeframe.
Works best on relatively stable, mean-reverting pairs (e.g., AUDNZD).
Risk management is essential: use independent stop-loss rules (e.g., limit risk to 1–2% of equity per trade).
This script is provided for educational purposes only and is not financial advice.
Multi-Band Trend LineThis Pine Script creates a versatile technical indicator called "Multi-Band Trend Line" that builds upon the concept of the popular "Follow Line Indicator" by Dreadblitz. While the original Follow Line Indicator uses simple trend detection to place a line at High or Low levels, this enhanced version combines multiple band-based trading strategies with dynamic trend line generation. The indicator supports five different band types and provides more sophisticated buy/sell signals based on price breakouts from various technical analysis bands.
Key Features
Multi-Band Support
The indicator supports five different band types:
- Bollinger Bands: Uses standard deviation to create bands around a moving average
- Keltner Channels: Uses ATR (Average True Range) to create bands around a moving average
- Donchian Channels: Uses the highest high and lowest low over a specified period
- Moving Average Envelopes: Creates bands as a percentage above and below a moving average
- ATR Bands: Uses ATR multiplier to create bands around a moving average
Dynamic Trend Line Generation (Enhanced Follow Line Concept)
- Similar to the Follow Line Indicator, the trend line is placed at High or Low levels based on trend direction
- Key Enhancement: Instead of simple trend detection, this version uses band breakouts to trigger trend changes
- When price breaks above the upper band (bullish signal), the trend line is set to the low (optionally adjusted with ATR) - similar to Follow Line's low placement
- When price breaks below the lower band (bearish signal), the trend line is set to the high (optionally adjusted with ATR) - similar to Follow Line's high placement
- The trend line acts as dynamic support/resistance, following the price action more precisely than the original Follow Line
ATR Filter (Follow Line Enhancement)
- Like the original Follow Line Indicator, an ATR filter can be selected to place the line at a more distance level than the normal mode settled at candles Highs/Lows
- When enabled, it adds/subtracts ATR value to provide more conservative trend line placement
- Helps reduce false signals in volatile markets
- This feature maintains the core philosophy of the Follow Line while adding more precision through band-based triggers
Signal Generation
- Buy Signal: Generated when trend changes from bearish to bullish (trend line starts rising)
- Sell Signal: Generated when trend changes from bullish to bearish (trend line starts falling)
- Signals are displayed as labels on the chart
Visual Elements
- Upper and lower bands are plotted in gray
- Trend line changes color based on direction (green for bullish, red for bearish)
- Background color changes based on trend direction
- Buy/sell signals are marked with labeled shapes
How It Works
Band Calculation: Based on the selected band type, upper and lower boundaries are calculated
Signal Detection: When price closes above the upper band or below the lower band, a breakout signal is generated
Trend Line Update: The trend line is updated based on the breakout direction and previous trend line value
Trend Direction: Determined by comparing current trend line with the previous value
Alert Generation: Buy/sell conditions trigger alerts and visual signals
Use Cases
Enhanced trend following strategies: More precise than basic Follow Line due to band-based triggers
Breakout trading: Multiple band types provide various breakout opportunities
Dynamic support/resistance identification: Combines Follow Line concept with band analysis
Multi-timeframe analysis with different band types: Choose the most suitable band for your timeframe
Reduced false signals: Band confirmation provides better entry/exit points compared to simple trend following
Markov Chain [3D] | FractalystWhat exactly is a Markov Chain?
This indicator uses a Markov Chain model to analyze, quantify, and visualize the transitions between market regimes (Bull, Bear, Neutral) on your chart. It dynamically detects these regimes in real-time, calculates transition probabilities, and displays them as animated 3D spheres and arrows, giving traders intuitive insight into current and future market conditions.
How does a Markov Chain work, and how should I read this spheres-and-arrows diagram?
Think of three weather modes: Sunny, Rainy, Cloudy.
Each sphere is one mode. The loop on a sphere means “stay the same next step” (e.g., Sunny again tomorrow).
The arrows leaving a sphere show where things usually go next if they change (e.g., Sunny moving to Cloudy).
Some paths matter more than others. A more prominent loop means the current mode tends to persist. A more prominent outgoing arrow means a change to that destination is the usual next step.
Direction isn’t symmetric: moving Sunny→Cloudy can behave differently than Cloudy→Sunny.
Now relabel the spheres to markets: Bull, Bear, Neutral.
Spheres: market regimes (uptrend, downtrend, range).
Self‑loop: tendency for the current regime to continue on the next bar.
Arrows: the most common next regime if a switch happens.
How to read: Start at the sphere that matches current bar state. If the loop stands out, expect continuation. If one outgoing path stands out, that switch is the typical next step. Opposite directions can differ (Bear→Neutral doesn’t have to match Neutral→Bear).
What states and transitions are shown?
The three market states visualized are:
Bullish (Bull): Upward or strong-market regime.
Bearish (Bear): Downward or weak-market regime.
Neutral: Sideways or range-bound regime.
Bidirectional animated arrows and probability labels show how likely the market is to move from one regime to another (e.g., Bull → Bear or Neutral → Bull).
How does the regime detection system work?
You can use either built-in price returns (based on adaptive Z-score normalization) or supply three custom indicators (such as volume, oscillators, etc.).
Values are statistically normalized (Z-scored) over a configurable lookback period.
The normalized outputs are classified into Bull, Bear, or Neutral zones.
If using three indicators, their regime signals are averaged and smoothed for robustness.
How are transition probabilities calculated?
On every confirmed bar, the algorithm tracks the sequence of detected market states, then builds a rolling window of transitions.
The code maintains a transition count matrix for all regime pairs (e.g., Bull → Bear).
Transition probabilities are extracted for each possible state change using Laplace smoothing for numerical stability, and frequently updated in real-time.
What is unique about the visualization?
3D animated spheres represent each regime and change visually when active.
Animated, bidirectional arrows reveal transition probabilities and allow you to see both dominant and less likely regime flows.
Particles (moving dots) animate along the arrows, enhancing the perception of regime flow direction and speed.
All elements dynamically update with each new price bar, providing a live market map in an intuitive, engaging format.
Can I use custom indicators for regime classification?
Yes! Enable the "Custom Indicators" switch and select any three chart series as inputs. These will be normalized and combined (each with equal weight), broadening the regime classification beyond just price-based movement.
What does the “Lookback Period” control?
Lookback Period (default: 100) sets how much historical data builds the probability matrix. Shorter periods adapt faster to regime changes but may be noisier. Longer periods are more stable but slower to adapt.
How is this different from a Hidden Markov Model (HMM)?
It sets the window for both regime detection and probability calculations. Lower values make the system more reactive, but potentially noisier. Higher values smooth estimates and make the system more robust.
How is this Markov Chain different from a Hidden Markov Model (HMM)?
Markov Chain (as here): All market regimes (Bull, Bear, Neutral) are directly observable on the chart. The transition matrix is built from actual detected regimes, keeping the model simple and interpretable.
Hidden Markov Model: The actual regimes are unobservable ("hidden") and must be inferred from market output or indicator "emissions" using statistical learning algorithms. HMMs are more complex, can capture more subtle structure, but are harder to visualize and require additional machine learning steps for training.
A standard Markov Chain models transitions between observable states using a simple transition matrix, while a Hidden Markov Model assumes the true states are hidden (latent) and must be inferred from observable “emissions” like price or volume data. In practical terms, a Markov Chain is transparent and easier to implement and interpret; an HMM is more expressive but requires statistical inference to estimate hidden states from data.
Markov Chain: states are observable; you directly count or estimate transition probabilities between visible states. This makes it simpler, faster, and easier to validate and tune.
HMM: states are hidden; you only observe emissions generated by those latent states. Learning involves machine learning/statistical algorithms (commonly Baum–Welch/EM for training and Viterbi for decoding) to infer both the transition dynamics and the most likely hidden state sequence from data.
How does the indicator avoid “repainting” or look-ahead bias?
All regime changes and matrix updates happen only on confirmed (closed) bars, so no future data is leaked, ensuring reliable real-time operation.
Are there practical tuning tips?
Tune the Lookback Period for your asset/timeframe: shorter for fast markets, longer for stability.
Use custom indicators if your asset has unique regime drivers.
Watch for rapid changes in transition probabilities as early warning of a possible regime shift.
Who is this indicator for?
Quants and quantitative researchers exploring probabilistic market modeling, especially those interested in regime-switching dynamics and Markov models.
Programmers and system developers who need a probabilistic regime filter for systematic and algorithmic backtesting:
The Markov Chain indicator is ideally suited for programmatic integration via its bias output (1 = Bull, 0 = Neutral, -1 = Bear).
Although the visualization is engaging, the core output is designed for automated, rules-based workflows—not for discretionary/manual trading decisions.
Developers can connect the indicator’s output directly to their Pine Script logic (using input.source()), allowing rapid and robust backtesting of regime-based strategies.
It acts as a plug-and-play regime filter: simply plug the bias output into your entry/exit logic, and you have a scientifically robust, probabilistically-derived signal for filtering, timing, position sizing, or risk regimes.
The MC's output is intentionally "trinary" (1/0/-1), focusing on clear regime states for unambiguous decision-making in code. If you require nuanced, multi-probability or soft-label state vectors, consider expanding the indicator or stacking it with a probability-weighted logic layer in your scripting.
Because it avoids subjectivity, this approach is optimal for systematic quants, algo developers building backtested, repeatable strategies based on probabilistic regime analysis.
What's the mathematical foundation behind this?
The mathematical foundation behind this Markov Chain indicator—and probabilistic regime detection in finance—draws from two principal models: the (standard) Markov Chain and the Hidden Markov Model (HMM).
How to use this indicator programmatically?
The Markov Chain indicator automatically exports a bias value (+1 for Bullish, -1 for Bearish, 0 for Neutral) as a plot visible in the Data Window. This allows you to integrate its regime signal into your own scripts and strategies for backtesting, automation, or live trading.
Step-by-Step Integration with Pine Script (input.source)
Add the Markov Chain indicator to your chart.
This must be done first, since your custom script will "pull" the bias signal from the indicator's plot.
In your strategy, create an input using input.source()
Example:
//@version=5
strategy("MC Bias Strategy Example")
mcBias = input.source(close, "MC Bias Source")
After saving, go to your script’s settings. For the “MC Bias Source” input, select the plot/output of the Markov Chain indicator (typically its bias plot).
Use the bias in your trading logic
Example (long only on Bull, flat otherwise):
if mcBias == 1
strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long)
else
strategy.close("Long")
For more advanced workflows, combine mcBias with additional filters or trailing stops.
How does this work behind-the-scenes?
TradingView’s input.source() lets you use any plot from another indicator as a real-time, “live” data feed in your own script (source).
The selected bias signal is available to your Pine code as a variable, enabling logical decisions based on regime (trend-following, mean-reversion, etc.).
This enables powerful strategy modularity : decouple regime detection from entry/exit logic, allowing fast experimentation without rewriting core signal code.
Integrating 45+ Indicators with Your Markov Chain — How & Why
The Enhanced Custom Indicators Export script exports a massive suite of over 45 technical indicators—ranging from classic momentum (RSI, MACD, Stochastic, etc.) to trend, volume, volatility, and oscillator tools—all pre-calculated, centered/scaled, and available as plots.
// Enhanced Custom Indicators Export - 45 Technical Indicators
// Comprehensive technical analysis suite for advanced market regime detection
//@version=6
indicator('Enhanced Custom Indicators Export | Fractalyst', shorttitle='Enhanced CI Export', overlay=false, scale=scale.right, max_labels_count=500, max_lines_count=500)
// |----- Input Parameters -----| //
momentum_group = "Momentum Indicators"
trend_group = "Trend Indicators"
volume_group = "Volume Indicators"
volatility_group = "Volatility Indicators"
oscillator_group = "Oscillator Indicators"
display_group = "Display Settings"
// Common lengths
length_14 = input.int(14, "Standard Length (14)", minval=1, maxval=100, group=momentum_group)
length_20 = input.int(20, "Medium Length (20)", minval=1, maxval=200, group=trend_group)
length_50 = input.int(50, "Long Length (50)", minval=1, maxval=200, group=trend_group)
// Display options
show_table = input.bool(true, "Show Values Table", group=display_group)
table_size = input.string("Small", "Table Size", options= , group=display_group)
// |----- MOMENTUM INDICATORS (15 indicators) -----| //
// 1. RSI (Relative Strength Index)
rsi_14 = ta.rsi(close, length_14)
rsi_centered = rsi_14 - 50
// 2. Stochastic Oscillator
stoch_k = ta.stoch(close, high, low, length_14)
stoch_d = ta.sma(stoch_k, 3)
stoch_centered = stoch_k - 50
// 3. Williams %R
williams_r = ta.stoch(close, high, low, length_14) - 100
// 4. MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence)
= ta.macd(close, 12, 26, 9)
// 5. Momentum (Rate of Change)
momentum = ta.mom(close, length_14)
momentum_pct = (momentum / close ) * 100
// 6. Rate of Change (ROC)
roc = ta.roc(close, length_14)
// 7. Commodity Channel Index (CCI)
cci = ta.cci(close, length_20)
// 8. Money Flow Index (MFI)
mfi = ta.mfi(close, length_14)
mfi_centered = mfi - 50
// 9. Awesome Oscillator (AO)
ao = ta.sma(hl2, 5) - ta.sma(hl2, 34)
// 10. Accelerator Oscillator (AC)
ac = ao - ta.sma(ao, 5)
// 11. Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO)
cmo = ta.cmo(close, length_14)
// 12. Detrended Price Oscillator (DPO)
dpo = close - ta.sma(close, length_20)
// 13. Price Oscillator (PPO)
ppo = ta.sma(close, 12) - ta.sma(close, 26)
ppo_pct = (ppo / ta.sma(close, 26)) * 100
// 14. TRIX
trix_ema1 = ta.ema(close, length_14)
trix_ema2 = ta.ema(trix_ema1, length_14)
trix_ema3 = ta.ema(trix_ema2, length_14)
trix = ta.roc(trix_ema3, 1) * 10000
// 15. Klinger Oscillator
klinger = ta.ema(volume * (high + low + close) / 3, 34) - ta.ema(volume * (high + low + close) / 3, 55)
// 16. Fisher Transform
fisher_hl2 = 0.5 * (hl2 - ta.lowest(hl2, 10)) / (ta.highest(hl2, 10) - ta.lowest(hl2, 10)) - 0.25
fisher = 0.5 * math.log((1 + fisher_hl2) / (1 - fisher_hl2))
// 17. Stochastic RSI
stoch_rsi = ta.stoch(rsi_14, rsi_14, rsi_14, length_14)
stoch_rsi_centered = stoch_rsi - 50
// 18. Relative Vigor Index (RVI)
rvi_num = ta.swma(close - open)
rvi_den = ta.swma(high - low)
rvi = rvi_den != 0 ? rvi_num / rvi_den : 0
// 19. Balance of Power (BOP)
bop = (close - open) / (high - low)
// |----- TREND INDICATORS (10 indicators) -----| //
// 20. Simple Moving Average Momentum
sma_20 = ta.sma(close, length_20)
sma_momentum = ((close - sma_20) / sma_20) * 100
// 21. Exponential Moving Average Momentum
ema_20 = ta.ema(close, length_20)
ema_momentum = ((close - ema_20) / ema_20) * 100
// 22. Parabolic SAR
sar = ta.sar(0.02, 0.02, 0.2)
sar_trend = close > sar ? 1 : -1
// 23. Linear Regression Slope
lr_slope = ta.linreg(close, length_20, 0) - ta.linreg(close, length_20, 1)
// 24. Moving Average Convergence (MAC)
mac = ta.sma(close, 10) - ta.sma(close, 30)
// 25. Trend Intensity Index (TII)
tii_sum = 0.0
for i = 1 to length_20
tii_sum += close > close ? 1 : 0
tii = (tii_sum / length_20) * 100
// 26. Ichimoku Cloud Components
ichimoku_tenkan = (ta.highest(high, 9) + ta.lowest(low, 9)) / 2
ichimoku_kijun = (ta.highest(high, 26) + ta.lowest(low, 26)) / 2
ichimoku_signal = ichimoku_tenkan > ichimoku_kijun ? 1 : -1
// 27. MESA Adaptive Moving Average (MAMA)
mama_alpha = 2.0 / (length_20 + 1)
mama = ta.ema(close, length_20)
mama_momentum = ((close - mama) / mama) * 100
// 28. Zero Lag Exponential Moving Average (ZLEMA)
zlema_lag = math.round((length_20 - 1) / 2)
zlema_data = close + (close - close )
zlema = ta.ema(zlema_data, length_20)
zlema_momentum = ((close - zlema) / zlema) * 100
// |----- VOLUME INDICATORS (6 indicators) -----| //
// 29. On-Balance Volume (OBV)
obv = ta.obv
// 30. Volume Rate of Change (VROC)
vroc = ta.roc(volume, length_14)
// 31. Price Volume Trend (PVT)
pvt = ta.pvt
// 32. Negative Volume Index (NVI)
nvi = 0.0
nvi := volume < volume ? nvi + ((close - close ) / close ) * nvi : nvi
// 33. Positive Volume Index (PVI)
pvi = 0.0
pvi := volume > volume ? pvi + ((close - close ) / close ) * pvi : pvi
// 34. Volume Oscillator
vol_osc = ta.sma(volume, 5) - ta.sma(volume, 10)
// 35. Ease of Movement (EOM)
eom_distance = high - low
eom_box_height = volume / 1000000
eom = eom_box_height != 0 ? eom_distance / eom_box_height : 0
eom_sma = ta.sma(eom, length_14)
// 36. Force Index
force_index = volume * (close - close )
force_index_sma = ta.sma(force_index, length_14)
// |----- VOLATILITY INDICATORS (10 indicators) -----| //
// 37. Average True Range (ATR)
atr = ta.atr(length_14)
atr_pct = (atr / close) * 100
// 38. Bollinger Bands Position
bb_basis = ta.sma(close, length_20)
bb_dev = 2.0 * ta.stdev(close, length_20)
bb_upper = bb_basis + bb_dev
bb_lower = bb_basis - bb_dev
bb_position = bb_dev != 0 ? (close - bb_basis) / bb_dev : 0
bb_width = bb_dev != 0 ? (bb_upper - bb_lower) / bb_basis * 100 : 0
// 39. Keltner Channels Position
kc_basis = ta.ema(close, length_20)
kc_range = ta.ema(ta.tr, length_20)
kc_upper = kc_basis + (2.0 * kc_range)
kc_lower = kc_basis - (2.0 * kc_range)
kc_position = kc_range != 0 ? (close - kc_basis) / kc_range : 0
// 40. Donchian Channels Position
dc_upper = ta.highest(high, length_20)
dc_lower = ta.lowest(low, length_20)
dc_basis = (dc_upper + dc_lower) / 2
dc_position = (dc_upper - dc_lower) != 0 ? (close - dc_basis) / (dc_upper - dc_lower) : 0
// 41. Standard Deviation
std_dev = ta.stdev(close, length_20)
std_dev_pct = (std_dev / close) * 100
// 42. Relative Volatility Index (RVI)
rvi_up = ta.stdev(close > close ? close : 0, length_14)
rvi_down = ta.stdev(close < close ? close : 0, length_14)
rvi_total = rvi_up + rvi_down
rvi_volatility = rvi_total != 0 ? (rvi_up / rvi_total) * 100 : 50
// 43. Historical Volatility
hv_returns = math.log(close / close )
hv = ta.stdev(hv_returns, length_20) * math.sqrt(252) * 100
// 44. Garman-Klass Volatility
gk_vol = math.log(high/low) * math.log(high/low) - (2*math.log(2)-1) * math.log(close/open) * math.log(close/open)
gk_volatility = math.sqrt(ta.sma(gk_vol, length_20)) * 100
// 45. Parkinson Volatility
park_vol = math.log(high/low) * math.log(high/low)
parkinson = math.sqrt(ta.sma(park_vol, length_20) / (4 * math.log(2))) * 100
// 46. Rogers-Satchell Volatility
rs_vol = math.log(high/close) * math.log(high/open) + math.log(low/close) * math.log(low/open)
rogers_satchell = math.sqrt(ta.sma(rs_vol, length_20)) * 100
// |----- OSCILLATOR INDICATORS (5 indicators) -----| //
// 47. Elder Ray Index
elder_bull = high - ta.ema(close, 13)
elder_bear = low - ta.ema(close, 13)
elder_power = elder_bull + elder_bear
// 48. Schaff Trend Cycle (STC)
stc_macd = ta.ema(close, 23) - ta.ema(close, 50)
stc_k = ta.stoch(stc_macd, stc_macd, stc_macd, 10)
stc_d = ta.ema(stc_k, 3)
stc = ta.stoch(stc_d, stc_d, stc_d, 10)
// 49. Coppock Curve
coppock_roc1 = ta.roc(close, 14)
coppock_roc2 = ta.roc(close, 11)
coppock = ta.wma(coppock_roc1 + coppock_roc2, 10)
// 50. Know Sure Thing (KST)
kst_roc1 = ta.roc(close, 10)
kst_roc2 = ta.roc(close, 15)
kst_roc3 = ta.roc(close, 20)
kst_roc4 = ta.roc(close, 30)
kst = ta.sma(kst_roc1, 10) + 2*ta.sma(kst_roc2, 10) + 3*ta.sma(kst_roc3, 10) + 4*ta.sma(kst_roc4, 15)
// 51. Percentage Price Oscillator (PPO)
ppo_line = ((ta.ema(close, 12) - ta.ema(close, 26)) / ta.ema(close, 26)) * 100
ppo_signal = ta.ema(ppo_line, 9)
ppo_histogram = ppo_line - ppo_signal
// |----- PLOT MAIN INDICATORS -----| //
// Plot key momentum indicators
plot(rsi_centered, title="01_RSI_Centered", color=color.purple, linewidth=1)
plot(stoch_centered, title="02_Stoch_Centered", color=color.blue, linewidth=1)
plot(williams_r, title="03_Williams_R", color=color.red, linewidth=1)
plot(macd_histogram, title="04_MACD_Histogram", color=color.orange, linewidth=1)
plot(cci, title="05_CCI", color=color.green, linewidth=1)
// Plot trend indicators
plot(sma_momentum, title="06_SMA_Momentum", color=color.navy, linewidth=1)
plot(ema_momentum, title="07_EMA_Momentum", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1)
plot(sar_trend, title="08_SAR_Trend", color=color.teal, linewidth=1)
plot(lr_slope, title="09_LR_Slope", color=color.lime, linewidth=1)
plot(mac, title="10_MAC", color=color.fuchsia, linewidth=1)
// Plot volatility indicators
plot(atr_pct, title="11_ATR_Pct", color=color.yellow, linewidth=1)
plot(bb_position, title="12_BB_Position", color=color.aqua, linewidth=1)
plot(kc_position, title="13_KC_Position", color=color.olive, linewidth=1)
plot(std_dev_pct, title="14_StdDev_Pct", color=color.silver, linewidth=1)
plot(bb_width, title="15_BB_Width", color=color.gray, linewidth=1)
// Plot volume indicators
plot(vroc, title="16_VROC", color=color.blue, linewidth=1)
plot(eom_sma, title="17_EOM", color=color.red, linewidth=1)
plot(vol_osc, title="18_Vol_Osc", color=color.green, linewidth=1)
plot(force_index_sma, title="19_Force_Index", color=color.orange, linewidth=1)
plot(obv, title="20_OBV", color=color.purple, linewidth=1)
// Plot additional oscillators
plot(ao, title="21_Awesome_Osc", color=color.navy, linewidth=1)
plot(cmo, title="22_CMO", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1)
plot(dpo, title="23_DPO", color=color.teal, linewidth=1)
plot(trix, title="24_TRIX", color=color.lime, linewidth=1)
plot(fisher, title="25_Fisher", color=color.fuchsia, linewidth=1)
// Plot more momentum indicators
plot(mfi_centered, title="26_MFI_Centered", color=color.yellow, linewidth=1)
plot(ac, title="27_AC", color=color.aqua, linewidth=1)
plot(ppo_pct, title="28_PPO_Pct", color=color.olive, linewidth=1)
plot(stoch_rsi_centered, title="29_StochRSI_Centered", color=color.silver, linewidth=1)
plot(klinger, title="30_Klinger", color=color.gray, linewidth=1)
// Plot trend continuation
plot(tii, title="31_TII", color=color.blue, linewidth=1)
plot(ichimoku_signal, title="32_Ichimoku_Signal", color=color.red, linewidth=1)
plot(mama_momentum, title="33_MAMA_Momentum", color=color.green, linewidth=1)
plot(zlema_momentum, title="34_ZLEMA_Momentum", color=color.orange, linewidth=1)
plot(bop, title="35_BOP", color=color.purple, linewidth=1)
// Plot volume continuation
plot(nvi, title="36_NVI", color=color.navy, linewidth=1)
plot(pvi, title="37_PVI", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1)
plot(momentum_pct, title="38_Momentum_Pct", color=color.teal, linewidth=1)
plot(roc, title="39_ROC", color=color.lime, linewidth=1)
plot(rvi, title="40_RVI", color=color.fuchsia, linewidth=1)
// Plot volatility continuation
plot(dc_position, title="41_DC_Position", color=color.yellow, linewidth=1)
plot(rvi_volatility, title="42_RVI_Volatility", color=color.aqua, linewidth=1)
plot(hv, title="43_Historical_Vol", color=color.olive, linewidth=1)
plot(gk_volatility, title="44_GK_Volatility", color=color.silver, linewidth=1)
plot(parkinson, title="45_Parkinson_Vol", color=color.gray, linewidth=1)
// Plot final oscillators
plot(rogers_satchell, title="46_RS_Volatility", color=color.blue, linewidth=1)
plot(elder_power, title="47_Elder_Power", color=color.red, linewidth=1)
plot(stc, title="48_STC", color=color.green, linewidth=1)
plot(coppock, title="49_Coppock", color=color.orange, linewidth=1)
plot(kst, title="50_KST", color=color.purple, linewidth=1)
// Plot final indicators
plot(ppo_histogram, title="51_PPO_Histogram", color=color.navy, linewidth=1)
plot(pvt, title="52_PVT", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1)
// |----- Reference Lines -----| //
hline(0, "Zero Line", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dashed, linewidth=1)
hline(50, "Midline", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1)
hline(-50, "Lower Midline", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1)
hline(25, "Upper Threshold", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1)
hline(-25, "Lower Threshold", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1)
// |----- Enhanced Information Table -----| //
if show_table and barstate.islast
table_position = position.top_right
table_text_size = table_size == "Tiny" ? size.tiny : table_size == "Small" ? size.small : size.normal
var table info_table = table.new(table_position, 3, 18, bgcolor=color.new(color.white, 85), border_width=1, border_color=color.gray)
// Headers
table.cell(info_table, 0, 0, 'Category', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 70))
table.cell(info_table, 1, 0, 'Indicator', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 70))
table.cell(info_table, 2, 0, 'Value', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 70))
// Key Momentum Indicators
table.cell(info_table, 0, 1, 'MOMENTUM', text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.purple, 90))
table.cell(info_table, 1, 1, 'RSI Centered', text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 1, str.tostring(rsi_centered, '0.00'), text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 2, '', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 2, 'Stoch Centered', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 2, str.tostring(stoch_centered, '0.00'), text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 3, '', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 3, 'Williams %R', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 3, str.tostring(williams_r, '0.00'), text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 4, '', text_color=color.orange, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 4, 'MACD Histogram', text_color=color.orange, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 4, str.tostring(macd_histogram, '0.000'), text_color=color.orange, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 5, '', text_color=color.green, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 5, 'CCI', text_color=color.green, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 5, str.tostring(cci, '0.00'), text_color=color.green, text_size=table_text_size)
// Key Trend Indicators
table.cell(info_table, 0, 6, 'TREND', text_color=color.navy, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.navy, 90))
table.cell(info_table, 1, 6, 'SMA Momentum %', text_color=color.navy, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 6, str.tostring(sma_momentum, '0.00'), text_color=color.navy, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 7, '', text_color=color.maroon, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 7, 'EMA Momentum %', text_color=color.maroon, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 7, str.tostring(ema_momentum, '0.00'), text_color=color.maroon, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 8, '', text_color=color.teal, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 8, 'SAR Trend', text_color=color.teal, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 8, str.tostring(sar_trend, '0'), text_color=color.teal, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 9, '', text_color=color.lime, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 9, 'Linear Regression', text_color=color.lime, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 9, str.tostring(lr_slope, '0.000'), text_color=color.lime, text_size=table_text_size)
// Key Volatility Indicators
table.cell(info_table, 0, 10, 'VOLATILITY', text_color=color.yellow, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.yellow, 90))
table.cell(info_table, 1, 10, 'ATR %', text_color=color.yellow, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 10, str.tostring(atr_pct, '0.00'), text_color=color.yellow, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 11, '', text_color=color.aqua, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 11, 'BB Position', text_color=color.aqua, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 11, str.tostring(bb_position, '0.00'), text_color=color.aqua, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 12, '', text_color=color.olive, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 12, 'KC Position', text_color=color.olive, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 12, str.tostring(kc_position, '0.00'), text_color=color.olive, text_size=table_text_size)
// Key Volume Indicators
table.cell(info_table, 0, 13, 'VOLUME', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 90))
table.cell(info_table, 1, 13, 'Volume ROC', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 13, str.tostring(vroc, '0.00'), text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 14, '', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 14, 'EOM', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 14, str.tostring(eom_sma, '0.000'), text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
// Key Oscillators
table.cell(info_table, 0, 15, 'OSCILLATORS', text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.purple, 90))
table.cell(info_table, 1, 15, 'Awesome Osc', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 15, str.tostring(ao, '0.000'), text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 0, 16, '', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 1, 16, 'Fisher Transform', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
table.cell(info_table, 2, 16, str.tostring(fisher, '0.000'), text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size)
// Summary Statistics
table.cell(info_table, 0, 17, 'SUMMARY', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.gray, 70))
table.cell(info_table, 1, 17, 'Total Indicators: 52', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size)
regime_color = rsi_centered > 10 ? color.green : rsi_centered < -10 ? color.red : color.gray
regime_text = rsi_centered > 10 ? "BULLISH" : rsi_centered < -10 ? "BEARISH" : "NEUTRAL"
table.cell(info_table, 2, 17, regime_text, text_color=regime_color, text_size=table_text_size)
This makes it the perfect “indicator backbone” for quantitative and systematic traders who want to prototype, combine, and test new regime detection models—especially in combination with the Markov Chain indicator.
How to use this script with the Markov Chain for research and backtesting:
Add the Enhanced Indicator Export to your chart.
Every calculated indicator is available as an individual data stream.
Connect the indicator(s) you want as custom input(s) to the Markov Chain’s “Custom Indicators” option.
In the Markov Chain indicator’s settings, turn ON the custom indicator mode.
For each of the three custom indicator inputs, select the exported plot from the Enhanced Export script—the menu lists all 45+ signals by name.
This creates a powerful, modular regime-detection engine where you can mix-and-match momentum, trend, volume, or custom combinations for advanced filtering.
Backtest regime logic directly.
Once you’ve connected your chosen indicators, the Markov Chain script performs regime detection (Bull/Neutral/Bear) based on your selected features—not just price returns.
The regime detection is robust, automatically normalized (using Z-score), and outputs bias (1, -1, 0) for plug-and-play integration.
Export the regime bias for programmatic use.
As described above, use input.source() in your Pine Script strategy or system and link the bias output.
You can now filter signals, control trade direction/size, or design pairs-trading that respect true, indicator-driven market regimes.
With this framework, you’re not limited to static or simplistic regime filters. You can rigorously define, test, and refine what “market regime” means for your strategies—using the technical features that matter most to you.
Optimize your signal generation by backtesting across a universe of meaningful indicator blends.
Enhance risk management with objective, real-time regime boundaries.
Accelerate your research: iterate quickly, swap indicator components, and see results with minimal code changes.
Automate multi-asset or pairs-trading by integrating regime context directly into strategy logic.
Add both scripts to your chart, connect your preferred features, and start investigating your best regime-based trades—entirely within the TradingView ecosystem.
References & Further Reading
Ang, A., & Bekaert, G. (2002). “Regime Switches in Interest Rates.” Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 20(2), 163–182.
Hamilton, J. D. (1989). “A New Approach to the Economic Analysis of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle.” Econometrica, 57(2), 357–384.
Markov, A. A. (1906). "Extension of the Limit Theorems of Probability Theory to a Sum of Variables Connected in a Chain." The Notes of the Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg.
Guidolin, M., & Timmermann, A. (2007). “Asset Allocation under Multivariate Regime Switching.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 31(11), 3503–3544.
Murphy, J. J. (1999). Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets. New York Institute of Finance.
Brock, W., Lakonishok, J., & LeBaron, B. (1992). “Simple Technical Trading Rules and the Stochastic Properties of Stock Returns.” Journal of Finance, 47(5), 1731–1764.
Zucchini, W., MacDonald, I. L., & Langrock, R. (2017). Hidden Markov Models for Time Series: An Introduction Using R (2nd ed.). Chapman and Hall/CRC.
On Quantitative Finance and Markov Models:
Lo, A. W., & Hasanhodzic, J. (2009). The Heretics of Finance: Conversations with Leading Practitioners of Technical Analysis. Bloomberg Press.
Patterson, S. (2016). The Man Who Solved the Market: How Jim Simons Launched the Quant Revolution. Penguin Press.
TradingView Pine Script Documentation: www.tradingview.com
TradingView Blog: “Use an Input From Another Indicator With Your Strategy” www.tradingview.com
GeeksforGeeks: “What is the Difference Between Markov Chains and Hidden Markov Models?” www.geeksforgeeks.org
What makes this indicator original and unique?
- On‑chart, real‑time Markov. The chain is drawn directly on your chart. You see the current regime, its tendency to stay (self‑loop), and the usual next step (arrows) as bars confirm.
- Source‑agnostic by design. The engine runs on any series you select via input.source() — price, your own oscillator, a composite score, anything you compute in the script.
- Automatic normalization + regime mapping. Different inputs live on different scales. The script standardizes your chosen source and maps it into clear regimes (e.g., Bull / Bear / Neutral) without you micromanaging thresholds each time.
- Rolling, bar‑by‑bar learning. Transition tendencies are computed from a rolling window of confirmed bars. What you see is exactly what the market did in that window.
- Fast experimentation. Switch the source, adjust the window, and the Markov view updates instantly. It’s a rapid way to test ideas and feel regime persistence/switch behavior.
Integrate your own signals (using input.source())
- In settings, choose the Source . This is powered by input.source() .
- Feed it price, an indicator you compute inside the script, or a custom composite series.
- The script will automatically normalize that series and process it through the Markov engine, mapping it to regimes and updating the on‑chart spheres/arrows in real time.
Credits:
Deep gratitude to @RicardoSantos for both the foundational Markov chain processing engine and inspiring open-source contributions, which made advanced probabilistic market modeling accessible to the TradingView community.
Special thanks to @Alien_Algorithms for the innovative and visually stunning 3D sphere logic that powers the indicator’s animated, regime-based visualization.
Disclaimer
This tool summarizes recent behavior. It is not financial advice and not a guarantee of future results.
Linh Index Trend & Exhaustion SuitePurpose: One overlay to judge trend, reversal risk, overextension, and volatility squeezes on indexes (built for VNINDEX/VN30, works on any symbol & timeframe).
What it shows
Trend state: Bull / Bear / Transition via 20/50/200 EMAs + slope check.
Overextension heatmap: Background paints when price is stretched vs the 20-EMA by ATR or % (you set the thresholds).
Squeeze detection:
Squeeze ON (yellow dot): Bollinger Bands (20,2) inside Keltner Channels (20,1.5).
Squeeze OFF + Release: White dot; script confirms direction only when close > BB upper (up) or close < BB lower (down).
52-week context: Distance to 52-week high/low (%).
Higher-TF alignment: Optional weekly trend reading shown on the label while you’re on the daily.
Anchored VWAP(s): Two optional AVWAPs from dates you choose (e.g., YTD open, last big gap/earnings).
Plots & labels
EMAs 20/50/200 (toggle on/off).
Optional BB & KC bands for diagnostics.
AVWAP #1 / #2 (optional).
Status label with: Trend, EMAs, Dist to 20-EMA (%, ATR), 52-week distances, HTF state.
Built-in alerts (set “Once per bar close”)
EMA10 ↔ EMA20 cross (early momentum shift)
EMA20 ↔ EMA50 cross (trend confirmation/negation)
Price ↔ EMA200 cross (long-term regime)
Squeeze Release UP / DOWN (BB breakout after squeeze)
Overextension Cool-off UP / DN (stretched vs 20-EMA + momentum rolling)
Near 52-week High (within your % threshold)
How to use (playbook)
Map regime: Prefer trades when Daily = Bull and HTF (Weekly) = Bull (shown on label).
Hunt expansion: Yellow → White dot and close beyond BB = fresh move.
Avoid chasing stretch: If background is painted (overextended vs 20-EMA), wait for a pullback or intraday base.
Locations matter: 52-week proximity + HTF Bull improves breakout quality.
Anchors: Add AVWAP from YTD open or last major gap to frame support/resistance.
Suggested settings
Overextension: ATR = 2.0, % = 4.0 to start; tune per index volatility.
Squeeze bands: BB(20,2) & KC(20,1.5) default are balanced; tighten KC (1.3) for more signals, widen (1.8) for fewer/higher quality.
Timeframes: Daily for signals, Weekly for bias. Optional 65-min for entries.
S/R Clouds Overview
The S/R Clouds Indicator is a sophisticated TradingView tool designed to visualize support and resistance levels through dynamic cloud formations. Built on the principles of Keltner Channels, it employs a central moving average enveloped by volatility-based bands to highlight potential price reversal zones. This indicator enhances chart analysis with customizable aesthetics and practical alerts, making it suitable for traders across various strategies and timeframes.
Key Features
Dynamic Bands: Calculates upper and lower bands using a configurable moving average (SMA or EMA) offset by multiples of the average true range (derived from high-low ranges), capturing volatility deviations for precise S/R identification.
Cloud Visualization: Renders semi-transparent clouds between primary and extended bands, providing a clear, layered view of support (lower) and resistance (upper) areas.
Trend Detection: Incorporates a trend state logic based on price position relative to bands and moving average direction, aiding in bullish/bearish market assessments.
Customization Options:
Select from multiple color themes (e.g., Neon, Grayscale) or use custom colors for bands.
Enable glow effects for enhanced visual depth and adjust opacity for chart clarity.
Volatility Insights: Monitors band width to detect squeezes (low volatility) and expansions (high volatility), signaling potential breakouts.
Alerts System: Triggers notifications for price crossings of bands, trend changes, and other key events to support timely decision-making.
How It Works
At its core, the indicator centers on a user-defined period moving average. Volatility is measured via an exponential moving average of the high-low range, multiplied by adjustable factors to form the bands. This setup creates adaptive clouds that expand/contract with market volatility, offering a more responsive alternative to static S/R lines. The result is a clean, professional overlay that integrates seamlessly with other technical tools.
This high-quality indicator prioritizes usability and visual appeal, ensuring traders can focus on analysis without distraction.
